Business Model Choice Matters: How Business Models Impact Different Performance Measures of Startups

Bibtex

Cite as text

						@Select Types{,
							 
							 
							 
							 
							 
							Journal   = "Band-1",
							 Title= "Business Model Choice Matters: How Business Models Impact Different Performance Measures of Startups", 
							Author= "Haifa Haddad, Jörg Weking, Sebastian Hermes, Markus Böhm, and Helmut Krcmar", 
							Doi= "https://doi.org/10.30844/wi_2020_h4-haddad", 
							 Abstract= "Determining the influencing factors of business performance is an important topic in theory and practice. This applies especially to the entrepreneurship context, characterized by extreme uncertainty and high failure rates. Existing research, which is mainly qualitative, has identified business models (BM) as a performance determinant. This paper empirically examines the relationship between BMs and startup performance. The analysis follows an industry- and region-independent approach and is based on a dataset of 121 startups. The findings reveal that some BM patterns outperform others, but on different performance measures. More specifically, the contractor pattern enhances revenue, add-on highly influences growth, customer lock-in boosts valuation, and advertising enhances funding. On the theoretical level, this paper enriches the qualitative research with statistical evidence. On the practical level, it adds value to both entrepreneurs and investors by identifying successful patterns. The findings guide entrepreneurs in BM design and support investors when considering potential investment opportunities.

", 
							 Keywords= "Business model, business model pattern, startup performance, survey, quantitative research", 
							}
					
Haifa Haddad, Jörg Weking, Sebastian Hermes, Markus Böhm, and Helmut Krcmar: Business Model Choice Matters: How Business Models Impact Different Performance Measures of Startups. Online: https://doi.org/10.30844/wi_2020_h4-haddad (Abgerufen 23.11.24)

Abstract

Abstract

Determining the influencing factors of business performance is an important topic in theory and practice. This applies especially to the entrepreneurship context, characterized by extreme uncertainty and high failure rates. Existing research, which is mainly qualitative, has identified business models (BM) as a performance determinant. This paper empirically examines the relationship between BMs and startup performance. The analysis follows an industry- and region-independent approach and is based on a dataset of 121 startups. The findings reveal that some BM patterns outperform others, but on different performance measures. More specifically, the contractor pattern enhances revenue, add-on highly influences growth, customer lock-in boosts valuation, and advertising enhances funding. On the theoretical level, this paper enriches the qualitative research with statistical evidence. On the practical level, it adds value to both entrepreneurs and investors by identifying successful patterns. The findings guide entrepreneurs in BM design and support investors when considering potential investment opportunities.

Keywords

Schlüsselwörter

Business model, business model pattern, startup performance, survey, quantitative research

References

Referenzen

1. Audretsch, D.B., Keilbach, M.C., Lehmann, E.E.: Entrepreneurship and economic growth. Oxford University Press (2006)
2. Kane, T.J.: The importance of startups in job creation and job destruction. Available at SSRN 1646934 (2010)
3. Ries, E.: The lean startup: How today’s entrepreneurs use continuous innovation to create radically successful businesses. Penguin Group, London (2011)
4. Krishna, A., Agrawal, A., Choudhary, A.: Predicting the Outcome of Startups: Less Failure, More Success. In: IEEE 16th International Conference on Data Mining Workshops (ICDMW), pp. 798-805. (2016)
5. Mayer-Haug, K., Read, S., Brinckmann, J., Dew, N., Grichnik, D.: Entrepreneurial talent and venture performance: A meta-analytic investigation of SMEs. Research Policy 42, 1251-1273 (2013)
6. Strotmann, H.: Entrepreneurial Survival. Small Business Economics 28, 87-104 (2007)
7. Zott, C., Amit, R., Massa, L.: The business model: Recent developments and future research. J Manage 37, 1019-1042 (2011)
8. Lambert, S.C., Davidson, R.A.: Applications of the business model in studies of enterprise success, innovation and classification: An analysis of empirical research from 1996 to 2010. European Management Journal 31, 668-681 (2013)
9. Gassmann, O., Frankenberger, K., Csik, M.: Geschäftsmodelle entwickeln: 55 innovative Konzepte mit dem St. Galler Business Model Navigator. Carl Hanser Verlag GmbH & Company KG, München (2017)
10. Massa, L., Tucci, C.L., Afuah, A.: A Critical Assessment of Business Model Research. Academy of Management Annals 11, 73-104 (2017)
11. Spiegel, O., Abbassi, P., Zylka, M., Schlagwein, D., Fischbach, K., Schoder, D.: Business Model Development, Founders’ Social Capital and the Success of Early Stage Internet Start-Ups: A Mixed-Method Study. Information Systems Journal 26, 421-449 (2016)
12. Hamelink, M., Opdenakker, R.: How business model innovation affects firm performance in the energy storage market. Renewable Energy 131, 120-127 (2019)
13. Patzelt, H., zu Knyphausen-Aufsess, D., Nikol, P.: Top Management Teams, Business Models, and Performance of Biotechnology Ventures: An Upper Echelon Perspective. British Journal of Management 19, 205-221 (2008)
14. Menicucci, E.: The influence of firm characteristics on profitability: Evidence from Italian hospitality industry. International Journal of Contemporary Hospitality Management 30, 2845-2868 (2018)
15. Osterwalder, A., Pigneur, Y., Clark, T.: Business model generation: A handbook for visionaries, game changers, and challengers. Wiley, Hoboken, NJ (2010)
16. Romero, M.C., Sánchez, M., Villalobos, J.: Business model loom: A pattern-based approach towards the definition of business models. Lecture Notes in Business Information Processing, vol. 291, pp. 463-487 (2017)
17. Zott, C., Amit, R.: Business Model Design: An Activity System Perspective. Long Range Planning 43, 216-226 (2010)
18. George, G., Bock, A.J.: The Business Model in Practice and its Implications for Entrepreneurship Research. Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice 35, 83-111 (2011)
19. Afuah, A., Tucci, C.: Internet Business Models and Strategies: Text and Cases. McGraw- Hill, New York (2001)
20. Amit, R., Zott, C.: Creating Value Through Business Model Innovation. MIT Sloan Management Review 53, 41-49 (2012)
21. Porter, M.: Competitive Advantage of Nations. Harvard Business Review March-April, 73-93 (1990)
22. Weking, J., Stöcker, M., Kowalkiewicz, M., Böhm, M., Krcmar, H.: Archetypes for Industry 4.0 Business Model Innovations. Twenty-fourth Americas Conference on Information Systems (AMCIS 2018), New Orleans, LA, USA (2018)
23. Weking, J., Brosig, C., Böhm, M., Hein, A., Krcmar, H.: Business Model Innovation Strategies for Product Service Systems – An Explorative Study in the Manufacturing Industry. Twenty-Sixth European Conference on Information Systems (ECIS 2018) Portsmouth, UK (2018)
24. Chesbrough, H.: Business model innovation: Opportunities and barriers. Long Range Planning 43, 354-363 (2010)
25. Kauffman, R., Wang, B.: Tuning into the digital channel: Evaluating business model characteristics for Internet firm survival. Information Technology and Management 9, 215- 232 (2008)
26. Trabucchi, D., Talenti, L., Buganza, T.: How do Big Bang Disruptors look like? A Business Model perspective. Technol. Forecast. Soc. Change 141, 330-340 (2019)
27. Albers, S., Clement, M.: Analyzing the success drivers of e-business companies. IEEE Transactions on Engineering Management 54, 301-314 (2007)
28. Böhm, M., Weking, J., Fortunat, F., Müller, S., Welpe, I., Krcmar, H.: The business model DNA: Towards an approach for predicting business model success. In: International Conference on Wirtschaftsinformatik, pp. 1006 – 1020. (2017)
29. Weking, J., Böttcher, T., Hermes, S., Hein, A.: Does Business Model Matter for Startup Success? A Quantitative Analysis. Twenty-Seventh European Conference on Information Systems (ECIS 2019), Stockholm-Uppsala, Sweden (2019)
30. Demil, B., Lecocq, X., Ricart, J.E., Zott, C.: Introduction to the SEJ Special Issue on Business Models: Business Models within the Domain of Strategic Entrepreneurship. Strategic Entrepreneurship Journal 9, 1-11 (2015)
31. Innocenti, N., Zampi, V.: What does a start-up need to grow? An empirical approach for Italian innovative start-ups. International Journal of Entrepreneurial Behaviour and Research 25, 376-393 (2019)
32. Marks, G.: Want to Turn Huge Startup Profits? Here’s Why You Need to Be Patient. https://www.entrepreneur.com/article/229499 (Accessed: 20.05.2019)
33. Bruno, A.V., Cooper, A.C.: Patterns of development and acquisitions for Silicon Valley startups. Technovation 1, 275-290 (1982)
34. Thompson, S.K.: Stratified Sampling. Sampling, pp. 139-156 (2012)
35. Denzin, N.K.: Triangulation. The Blackwell Encyclopedia of Sociology (2007)
36. Gordon, R.S., Peters, J.: Get Published 101: Guide to publication in the management literature. (2010)
37. Hill, R.: What sample size is “enough” in internet survey research? Interpersonal Computing and Technology. An Electronic Journal for the 21st Century 3-4 (1998)
38. Isaac, S., Michael, W.B.: Handbook in research and evaluation. San Diego, CA: Educational and Industrial Testing Services. (1995)
39. Amshoff, B., Dülme, C., Echterfeld, J., Gausemeier, J.: Business model patterns for disruptive technologies. International Journal of Innovation Management (ijim) 19, 1-22 (2015)
40. Wiklund, J., Shepherd, D.: Entrepreneurial orientation and small business performance: a configurational approach. Journal of Business Venturing 20, 71-91 (2005)
41. Cameron, K.: Measuring organizational effectiveness in institutions of higher education. Administrative Science Quarterly 23, 604-632 (1978)
42. Chakravarthy, B.S.: Adaptation: A promising metaphor for strategic management. Academy of Management Review 7, 35-44 (1982)
43. Lumpkin, G.T., Dess, G.G.: Clarifying the entrepreneurial orientation construct and linking it to performance. Academy of Management Review 21, 135-172 (1996)
44. Turulja, L., Bajgoric, N.: Innovation, firms’ performance and environmental turbulence: Is there a moderator or mediator? European Journal of Innovation Management 22, 213-232 (2018)
45. Chen, J.S., Tsou, H.T., Huang, A.Y.H.: Service Delivery Innovation Antecedents and Impact on Firm Performance. Journal of Service Research 12, 36-55 (2009)
46. Miloud, T., Aspelund, A., Cabrol, M.: Startup valuation by venture capitalists: an empirical study. Venture Capital 14, 151-174 (2012)
47. Broughman, B., Fried, J.: Do VCs Use Inside Rounds to Dilute Founders? Some Evidence from Silicon Valley. Articles by Maurer Faculty. Paper 775 (2012)
48. Brush, C.G., Vanderwerf, P.A.: A comparison of methods and sources for obtaining estimates of new venture performance. Journal of Business Venturing 7, 157-170 (1992)
49. Chandler, G.N., Hanks, S.H.: Measuring the performance of emerging businesses: A validation study. Journal of Business Venturing 8, 391-408 (1993)
50. Fombrun, C.J., Wally, S.: Structuring small firms for rapid growth. Journal of Business Venturing 4, 107-122 (1989)
51. Zahra, S.A.: Predictors and financial outcomes of corporate entrepreneurship: An exploratory study. Journal of Business Venturing 6, 259-285 (1991)
52. Cronbach, L.J.: Test validation. In R. Thorndike (Ed.), Educational Measurement (2nd ed., p. 443), Washington DC: American Council on Education (1971)
53. Fornell, C., Larcker, D.F.: Evaluating Structural Equation Models with Unobservable Variables and Measurement Error. Journal of Marketing Research 18, 39-50 (1981)
54. Backhaus, K., Erichson, B., Weiber, R.: Multivariate Analysemethoden: Eine anwendungsorientierte Einführung. Springer Gabler, Berlin (2015)
55. Podsakoff, P.M., MacKenzie, S.B., Lee, J.-Y., Podsakoff, N.P.: Common method biases in behavioral research: A critical review of the literature and recommended remedies. Journal of applied psychology 88, 879 (2003)
56. Duchesneau, D.A., Gartner, W.B.: A profile of new venture success and failure in an emerging industry. Journal of Business Venturing 5, 297-312 (1990)
57. Weill, P., Malone, T.W., D’Urso, V.T., Herman, G., Woerner, S.: Do Some Business Models Perform Better than Others? A Study of the 1000 Largest US Firms MIT Center for coordination science working paper 226, (2005)
58. Zauberman, G.: The Intertemporal Dynamics of Consumer Lock-in. Journal of Consumer Research 30, 405-419 (2003)
59. Amit, R., Zott, C.: Value creation in e-business. Strategic Manage J 22, 493-520 (2001)
60. Yoo, C., Yang, D., Kim, H., Heo, E.: Key Value Drivers of Startup Companies in the New Media Industry—The Case of Online Games in Korea. Journal of Media Economics 25, 244-260 (2012)
61. Weking, J., Hein, A., Böhm, M., Krcmar, H.: A Hierarchical Taxonomy of Business Model Patterns. Electronic Markets In Press, (2018)
62. Clemons, E.K.: Business Models for Monetizing Internet Applications and Web Sites: Experience, Theory, and Predictions. J Manage Inform Syst 26, 15-41 (2009)
63. Amit, R., Han, X.: Value creation through novel resource configurations in a digitally enabled world. Strategic Entrepreneurship Journal 11, 228-242 (2017)
64. Morris, M., Schindehutte, M., Allen, J.: The entrepreneur’s business model: Toward a unified perspective. Journal of Business Research 58, 726-735 (2005)
65. Zott, C., Amit, R.: The business model: A theoretically anchored robust construct for strategic analysis. Strategic Organization 11, 403-411 (2013)
66. Shafer, S.M., Smith, H.J., Linder, J.C.: The power of business models. Business Horizons 48, 100-207 (2005)
67. Spiegel, O., Abbassi, P., Zylka, M.P., Schlagwein, D., Fischbach, K., Schoder, D.: Business Model Development, Founders’ Social Capital and the Success of Early Stage Internet Start-Ups: A Mixed-Method Study. Information Systems Journal 26, 421-449 (2015)
68. Gatewood, E.J., Shaver, K.G., Gartner, W.B.: A longitudinal study of cognitive factors influencing start-up behaviors and success at venture creation. Journal of Business Venturing 10, 371-391 (1995)
69. Song, M., Podoynitsyna, K., Van Der Bij, H., Halman, J.I.M.: Success Factors in New Ventures: A Meta-analysis. Journal of Product Innovation Management 25, 7-27 (2008)
70. van Gelderen, M., Thurik, R., Bosma, N.: Success and Risk Factors in the Pre-Startup Phase. Small Business Economics 26, 319-335 (2006)
71. Streuer, M., Tesch, J., Grammer, D., Lang, M., M Kolbe, L.: Profit Driving Patterns for Digital Business Models. The ISPIM Innovation Summit, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia (2016)
72. Snowden, D.J., Boone, M.E.: A leader’s framework for decision making. Harvard Business Review 85, 68 (2007)

Most viewed articles

Meist angesehene Beiträge

GITO events | library.gito